Thyroid nodules are the most common pathology of the endocrine system. A thyroid nodule is a limited impairment of the tissue structure of the gland, which is detected during an external examination. Nodal formation can be single or multiple. All nodes are subdivided into benign (colloidal nodes), which never develop into a malignant tumor, and tumor nodes of the thyroid gland, which can be both benign (adenomas) and malignant. One of the reasons for the development of thyroid nodules is iodine deficiency.